Draft (or draught) is the vertical distance between the waterline and the lowest point of a vessel's hull (usually the keel), determining the minimum depth of water needed to float without running aground. It is a critical measurement for safe navigation, influenced by vessel load, weight distribution, and water density.

Key Aspects of Draft:
Knowing the draft is essential for maneuvering safely through shallow water, rivers, and when anchoring.

Significance: It dictates if a vessel can safely enter ports, pass through channels, or navigate shallow areas.

Variations:
Static Draft: Measurement when the boat is stationary.

Dynamic Draft: Changes while the boat is in motion due to speed or hull dynamics.

Maximum/Loaded Draft: The deepest point when fully loaded with cargo, fuel, and passengers.

Measurement: Identified via "draft marks" (or draught marks) on the bow and stern, indicating water level in feet or meters.